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Lichtenberg Castle (Salzgitter)
Lichtenberg Castle ((ドイツ語:Burg Lichtenberg)), also called the Heinrichsburg ("Henry Castle"), is a ruined castle dating to the 12th century in the Lichtenberge hills (the northwestern part of the Salzgitter Hills) near Salzgitter in the German state of Lower Saxony. The ruins are found south of and above the Salzgitter suburb of Lichtenberg on the steep summit of the ''Burgberg'' (241 metres high).
The site, which is extremely good from a strategic perspective, shows the ideal type of ground plan of a hill castle from the High Middle Ages. The builder of the most important fortifications of the Welf dynasty was Duke Henry the Lion. The castle was built to counter the Bishopric of Hildesheim and its Hohenstaufen neighbour in Goslar. In spite of numerous conflicts of those times it was not destroyed until 1552 by the cannons of a mercenary army.
== Layout of the castle ==
The castle comprises an upper and lower wards. The upper ward lies on an oval plateau, 45 x 80 metres in area. Here there are various residential and domestic buildings, towers and the castle well, surrounded by a 1.6 metre thick enceinte. In a residential building measuring 10 x 8.5 metres is a ladies' apartment (''Kemenate'') an old hot air heating system was uncovered during excavations. A little below the inner ward there is a 32 x 8 metre ''palas'', with its great hall, as well as a neighbouring tower and dungeon.
The first construction phase of the castle is dated to the 12th century and its expansion was probably carried out between 1170 and 1180. The large outer ward belongs to a more recent building phase. It was surrounded by a rampart and moat system as well as an enceinte with 13 demi-bastions. Of these, parts of the gate wall and the associated moat have survived. The only traces of former buildings are their individual foundation fragments.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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